Canal fall and its type | Canal fall
CANAL FALLS * Whenever the available natural ground slope is steeper than the designed bed slope of the channel, the difference is adjusted by constructing vertical ‘falls’ or ‘drops’. * Types of falls 1. Ogee falls: Water is gradually led down by providing convex and concave curves. 2. Rapids: Long slopes of 1 : 15 to 1 : 20 with boulder facings are known as rapids. They are quite satisfactory but very expensive and hence became obsolete. 3. Trapezoidal Notch Falls: It consists of a number of trapezoidal notches across the channel with a smooth entrance and a flat circular lip projecting downstream from each notch. There will be neither drawdown nor heading up of water, as the channel approaches the fall. Now these are obsolete since simpler, economical and better modern falls are developed. * Well type/cylinder/syphon well falls: This type consists of two wells, one for inlet and another for outlet connected by a pipe. The down stream well is necessary in the case of falls greater th...